Adobe recently patched a vulnerability in the Flash plugin. But they didn't release a fix for the 64-bit version, officially (and effectively) abandoning it. This posed a problem for me, since I can't get audio out of a 32-bit program.
Back when I built my current Linux machine, I decided that the motherboard's included "Bernstein audio module" daughter card was good enough. The only killer feature it was missing was hardware mixing. This turned into a huge problem. Most Linux distros' solution to software mixing is PulseAudio, and a perfectly reasonable thing to do with Pulse on a new Linux install is to remove it entirely. Pulse has a lot of nifty bells and whistles, but it's built on a terrible foundation. Integral to the Pulse experience are stutters, pops, and wandering audio-video synchronization.
After giving up on Pulse, I turned to JACK. JACK has some features too, but more of the kind that are useful to musicians and professionals than to home users. Where Pulse can automatically downmix a 5.1 audio stream to my 4.0 speaker setup, JACK would require that I manually edit the channel mappings, or use a program like JACK Rack to filter the audio through a LADSPA plugin. However, JACK makes up for this by providing reliable, low-latency mixing.
It turns out that there's one more problem with JACK. Its wire protocol is not compatible across different CPU architectures. A 32-bit JACK client cannot talk to a 64-bit JACK server. This didn't affect me until the 64-bit version of Flash was dropped. Now I have a problem: if I want Flash videos to have sound, I have to run PulseAudio and endure its many problems, or give Flash exclusive control of the soundcard like it's 1997.
There's only one thing for it: jam Pulse in between the audio source and JACK.
( Details & Diagrams )
Now programs that need good audio support (e.g. MythTV, MPlayer) can use JACK directly, and programs that don't (or can't) can use Pulse. This is really stupid, and only barely seems to work. I've been manually killing and restarting the Pulse audio server and the Flash plugin a lot (thanks, Google Chrome!). But it seems to be the best of a bunch of bad options.